Sablefish

Anoplopoma fimbria

Sablefish

Anoplopoma fimbria
Other Common Names
Black cod, skil, beshow, coalfish
Other Common Names
Black cod, skil, beshow, coalfish

At the Aquarium

Halibut Flats

Appearance

Adult sablefish are black or greenish gray above and pale below. They have slightly paler blotches or chainlike pattern on the upper back.

Sablefish have 2 dorsal fins and the anal fin looks similar to the 2nd dorsal fin.

When they are 1 to 2 feet long they are often greenish with faint stripes on the back. Young sablefish under 6 inches are blue-black above and white below.

Sablefish grow to 2 to 3 feet in length.

Habitat

Muddy bottoms and sandy seafloors from the surface to 9,000 feet.

Diet

Marine worms, crustaceans, and small fishes.

Life History

In Alaska, sablefish spawn in deeper water along the continental slope from January to April. Between British Columbia and California, spawning occurs from January to March.

Female begin reproducing once they reach 6 ½ years when they are more than 2 feet in length. Males begin reproducing at 5 years when they are about 1.9 feet in length. A 7 year old female is capable of spawning about 100,000 eggs while a 20 year old can spawn 1,000,000 eggs.

Eggs develop in deep water for about 2 weeks until they hatch. Hatched larvae then rise to the surface and are moved by currents. Off southeast Alaska and British Columbia, juveniles appear in nearshore waters by fall. Juvenile sablefish have been found to migrate more than 2,000 miles in 6 or 7 years. As they grow, sablefish settle in muddy bottoms and sandy seafloors.

Sablefish can live up to 90 years!

IUCN Status

Not Evaluated

Ecosystem & Cultural Importance

Sablefish are prey for fish and marine mammals, including Pacific cod, Pacific halibut, spiny dogfish, elephant seals, harbor seals and California sea lions.

The sablefish is one of the highest valued finfish in Alaska and Pacific Northwest commercial fisheries. In 2023, commercial landings of sablefish were valued at $113 million. Sablefish are also occasionally caught in Alaska recreational fisheries when they migrate in the summer onto the continental shelf.
In the northeastern Pacific Ocean from the Bering Sea, Alaska and Japan to Baja California, Mexico.
Sablefish are found in deep, offshore waters along the Oregon coast.
Even though sablefish look much like cod and are often referred to as black cod, they are not actually part of the cod family.

Citations & Other Resources

  • NOAA Fisheries. N.d. Sablefish. Species Directory. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/sablefish#:~:text=Sablefish%2C%20also%20known%20as%20black,growing%20interest%20in%20commercial%20farming.
  • Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. N.d. Sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria). Marine Resources Program. https://nrimp.dfw.state.or.us/mrp/default.aspx?page=110
  • California Department of Fish and Wildlife. 2023. Sablefish. Marine Species Portal. https://marinespecies.wildlife.ca.gov/sablefish/false/